Pap Smear Procedure

What is a Pap smear?
A Pap smear is a screening test to check for changes in the cells of your cervix which may develop into cancer later. It is a simple procedure where cells are collected from your cervix and sent to a laboratory where the cells are examined under a microscope. It takes only a few minutes and can be done by a nurse or a doctor.

Acknowledgement: Diagram taken from
American Academy of Family Physicians

Normal cervical cells under the microscope

Abnormal cervical cells under the microscope

Acknowledgement: Pictures taken from the American Society of Pathology.

How often should you go for a Pap smear?
All woman aged between 25 and 69 who ever had sex are advised to have a Pap smear done once every 3 years. 

Where can I have a Pap smear done?
The Pap smear is available at general practitioner clinics and all polyclinics.

How do I prepare myself for the Pap smear test?

• Schedule your appointment 2 weeks after the start of your menstrual period.
• Avoid sexual intercourse 48 hours before the test
• Do not use spermicides, vaginal creams, lubricant jellies, vaginal medications or tampons two days before the test.
• Wear a two piece outfit as you will need to undress from the waist down. 

What happens at a screening appointment?
The diagram shows what typically happens when a woman attends for Pap smear screening at the polyclinics.

*About 1 in 10 Pap smear results are abnormal. However they are rarely cancer. Women who have abnormal results are strongly encouraged to go for further tests as advised by the doctor.

How is Pap smear done?
The Pap smear is a quick and simple test. First, you will be asked to lie down. A small instrument called a speculum will be inserted into your vagina to get a clear view of your cervix (neck of the womb). The nurse or doctor will then use a small brush to collect some cells from your cervix and smear them onto a glass slide. The cell sample will be sent to the laboratory for tests.

Will the procedure be painful?
You may experience some discomfort during the procedure. To help you relax, take slow deep breaths as the speculum is inserted. If you feel pain, inform the doctor or nurse immediately.

Can cervical cancer be treated?
Yes, cervical cancer can be treated. It is important that you have a Pap smear once every 3 years so that the cancer can be detected early, when treatment is most effective.