Gout
Gout is a type of arthritis caused by uric acid. Uric acid is a waste product formed from the breakdown of certain proteins (called purines). It is normally removed from the body by the kidneys. In gout, uric acid builds up and forms crystals which are deposited inside the joints. Gout is more common in men, especially between the ages of 30 and 60.
The base of the big toe is usually affected. The big toe becomes red, hot, swollen and very painful. The pain may last for days to weeks if not treated. Attacks may recur at intervals of weeks or months. Gout can also affect other joints like the ankle, knee, wrist and fingers.
Gout is a curable disease, but if left untreated, it can cause kidney stones, which may lead to kidney damage.
Rest, Heat/Cold Treatment and Medication
During an attack of gout, bed rest is important. A hot compress or ice pack to the affected joint can relieve the pain. Your doctor will prescribe medicines to reduce the pain and inflammation. Other drugs can also be given to reduce the uric acid level in the body.
Diet
Avoid eating food high in purines, especially organ meats (see chart). Drink plenty of water and avoid taking alcohol.
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Avoid eating |
Eat less |
- organ meats like liver, kidney, brain
- small fish (like ikan bilis, sardines) and fish roe
- meat extracts, yeast extracts (like Marmite) and stock cubes
- seafood like crab, cockles, prawns, scallops
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- asparagus, cauliflower, mushrooms and spinach
- peanuts, dhal, beans and peas
- chiku and custard apple
- wholegrain breads and cereal
- soyabean products like beancurd
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